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   Wooden gittern
Wooden gitternLarger image
Wooden gittern
Wooden gittern
Wooden gittern
Wooden gittern
Wooden gittern
  Larger image
© 2006 The British Museum

AD 1280-1330
Made in England

A gittern was a medieval stringed instrument similar to a guitar. This one is carved with trees and forest creatures and hunting scenes. A silver plate has been added, engraved with the arms of Elizabeth I and her favourite, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. The gittern was used to accompany love ballads in the Middle Ages; this, and the hunting decoration, probably appealed to Elizabeth and Leicester, for both were passionate hunters.

Length: 610 mm; Width: 186 mm
The British Museum PE MLA 1963,1002.1
British Museum: Wooden gittern
Elizabeth and Leicester
Elizabeth and Leicester
The Stuart elite
The Stuart elite
The Royalist capital
The Royalist capital
An English form of art
An English form of art

Women's work
Women's work
Waits and minstrels
Waits and minstrels
William Shakespeare (AD 1564-1616)
William Shakespeare (AD 1564-1616)
Elizabeth and Leicester

Robert Dudley had known Elizabeth I since they were children. When she came to the throne in AD 1558 she appointed him Master of the Horse. She loved hunting and he was her constant companion in the chase. From the summer of 1560 their romance was notorious. But Dudley was already married (Elizabeth had excluded his wife from court). When Dudley’s wife was found dead with her neck broken at the foot of a staircase in September, Dudley was suspected of murdering her in order to be free to marry the Queen.

A jury returned a verdict of misadventure, but Elizabeth was politician enough to know that she could never marry Dudley. She continued to depend on him, however, for the rest of her life. By 1563 he was a member of her Privy Council and in 1564 Elizabeth made him Earl of Leicester. She may have done this as part of a plan to marry him to Mary Queen of Scots, but Mary married Lord Darnley. Leicester was the first and greatest of her ‘favourites’ and she was devastated by his death in 1588.

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© 2005 The British Museum